Mental Health Professionals' Perception of Respect for Human Rights and Organizational Well-Being in Three Countries of South America.

The respect for human rights in mental health care services significantly contributes to organizational well-being and is evolving into an actual benchmark of quality standards. This study assesses the perception of the respect for human rights for users and staff, as well as organizational and job satisfaction among mental health professionals in three South American countries, through the well-being at work and respect for human rights (WWRR) questionnaire and assesses whether there are significant differences. Seven mental health facilities in Argentina, Colombia, and Peru were involved in this observational study. The sample comprised 310 mental health professionals. The three countries exhibited differences in WWRR, particularly in the staff's satisfaction with resources for care (η2 = 0.166) and staff's satisfaction with organizational aspects (η2 = 0.113). Colombia had the lowest scores in these factors but the highest in the perception of the respect for human rights for users and staff, although this difference did not reach a statistical significance. Despite the progress made in recent years towards coercion-free medical standards and an increased focus on mental health polices in Latin American countries, there is a need to enhance the quality standards of mental health services, recognizing the value that the respect for human rights holds for the organizational well-being of both mental health users and professionals.

Respect for human rights as a component of organisational well-being: factor structure analysis in three countries of Latin America.

People with psychosocial disabilities are often discriminated against and experience violations of their human rights. With the QualityRights program, World Health Organisation highlights that one of element founding the quality of services is the respect for users' rights, in the belief that there is no quality of care without respect for human rights and vice versa. To date, studies explored the issue mainly in Europe. In this sense, the purpose of the study is to verify if the perception of respect for patients' rights is a component of organisational well-being for mental health workers in three countries of Latin America (Argentina, Colombia, Peru). A random sample representative of professionals working in three mental healthcare networks in Argentina, Colombia, and Peru was enrolled (n = 310). Each health worker completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic data and the Well-Being at work and respect for human rights (WWRR). The WWRR consists of seven items on satisfaction at work, beliefs about users' satisfaction in received care, the satisfaction of work's organisation, respect of users' and staff's human rights, adequacy of resources, and perceived needs of resources in the mental health service. The principal components analysis of the instrument was carried out with Varimax rotation and Kaiser normalisation (including all components with Eigen value > 1). The total explained variance was 67.2%. Item 6 saturated in one single factor, and the first five items saturated in factor 1 with factor loadings ranging from 0.52 to 0.86. Parallel test suggested a one-factor structure as acceptable. The results show in three countries of Latin America that the more workers perceive that the human rights of users are respected, the more satisfied they are of own work. This article confirms previous observations in Italy, North Macedonia, Tunisia and Palestine.

Infodemia y estrés en estudiantes de enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19 / Infodemic and Stress among Nursing Students in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introducción: El incremento de la difusión de noticias falsas sobre la COVID-19, las medidas de protección personal y el distanciamiento social propuestos por los gobiernos para detener su propagación ponen en peligro la salud mental de la sociedad, con sentimientos de inquietud, ansiedad, preocupación y estrés. Objetivo: Identificar la relación entre el consumo de información sobre COVID-19 y el nivel de estrés de estudiantes de enfermería. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional de corte transversal, realizado en la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Perú, en 2022. La población estuvo conformada por 74 estudiantes. Se aplicó la Escala de Percepción Global del Estrés para universitarios, el Cuestionario de Consumo de información sobre COVID-19 y la Escala de Usos y Gratificaciones. Para valorar la relación entre variables se usó la prueba de ji al cuadrado de Pearson y el coeficiente de contingencia. Resultados: El medio de información sobre COVID-19 más empleado fue Google. El 95,60 por ciento utilizaba redes sociales todos los días durante más de dos horas para información sobre COVID-19. El 62,30 por ciento de la población presentó niveles de distrés altos. Se encontró relación significativa (p ≤ 0,05) entre el nivel elevado de distrés y el medio de información sobre COVID-19. Conclusiones: Existe relación entre el acceso a información sobre COVID-19 por medio de Google y elevados niveles de distrés. Google es el medio de información sobre COVID-19 más utilizado, seguido de páginas webs oficiales de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y el Ministerio de Salud(AU)

Introduction: The increase in the spread of fake news about COVID-19, personal protection measures and social distancing suggested by governments to stop the spread of the disease jeopardize the mental health of society, with feelings of uneasiness, anxiety, worry and stress. Objective: To identify the relationship between the consumption of information on COVID-19 and the level of stress in Nursing students. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted at the Nursing school of the Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Peru, in 2022. The population consisted of 74 students. The global stress perception scale for university students, the COVID-19 information consumption questionnaire and the uses and gratifications scale were applied. Pearson's chi-squared test and the contingency coefficient were used to evaluate the relationship between variables. Results: The most frequently used means of information on COVID-19 was Google. 95.60 percent used social networks for more than two hours every day to look up information on COVID-19. 62.30 percent of the population presented high levels of distress. A significant relationship (p ≤ 0.05) was found between high level of distress and the medium level of information about COVID-19. Conclusions: There is a relationship between access to information about COVID-19 through Google and high levels of distress. Google is the most frequently used source of information on COVID-19, followed by official websites from the WHO and the Ministry of Health(AU)

Clima organizacional y calidad de atención del profesional de la salud de un Centro de Salud de Huánuco, Perú / Organizational Climate and Quality of Care according to Professionals from a Health Center in Huánuco, Peru

Introducción: La calidad constituye un desafío y una prioridad en las instituciones de servicios de salud y uno de los aspectos principales y más influyentes para el logro de este atributo es el clima organizacional. Objetivo: Identificar la relación entre el clima organizacional y la calidad de atención. Métodos: Estudio observacional, de corte transversal y de tipo correlacional realizado el año 2020 en profesionales de la salud del Centro de Salud "Aparicio Pomares" de Huánuco, Perú. Población conformada por 53 trabajadores. Se aplicó el cuestionario de clima organizacional y el cuestionario de calidad de atención. El análisis de los datos consistió en el contraste de correlaciones de Rho de Spearman. Resultados: En general, el clima organizacional promedio fue de 3,43 (de 1 a 5) y la calidad de atención promedia fue de 3,44 (de 1 a 5). Se encontró relación significativa entre el clima organizacional y la calidad de atención, con p ≤ 8804; 0,000. Y, se encontró relación significativa entre la calidad de atención y las dimensiones del clima organizacional como Credibilidad (p ≤ 8804; 0,000), Respeto (p ≤ 0,000), Imparcialidad (p ≤ 8804; 0,000), Orgullo (p ≤ 8804; 0,022) y Camaradería (p ≤ 0,000). Conclusiones: Se evidenció relación entre el clima organizacional y la calidad de atención de los profesionales de Atención Primaria de Salud de un Centro de Salud de Huánuco, Perú(AU)

Introduction: Quality is a challenge and a priority in healthcare institutions. One of the main and most influential aspects for the achievement of this aspect is the organizational climate. Objective: To identify the relationship between organizational climate and quality of care. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted in 2020 with health professionals of Aparicio Pomares de Huánuco Health Center, in Peru. The study population consisted of 53 workers. The organizational climate and quality of care questionnaires were applied. Data analysis consisted in Spearman's rho correlation test. Results: Generally speaking, the average organizational climate was 3.43 and the average quality of care was 3.44, both within a 1-5 scale. A significant relationship was found between organizational climate and quality of care, accounting for P≤ 8804; 0.000. In addition, a significant relationship was found between quality of care and organizational climate dimensions such as credibility (P≤ 8804; 0.000), respect (P ≤ 8804; 0.000), impartiality (P≤ 8804; 0.000), pride (P≤ 8804; 0.022), and camaraderie (P≤ 8804; 0.000). Conclusions: A relationship was shown between the organizational climate and the quality of care in primary level professionals from a Health Center in Huánuco, Peru(AU)

Inteligencia emocional y satisfacción laboral en enfermeras de un Hospital Regional en Arequipa / Emotional Intelligence and Work Satisfaction in Nurses from a Regional Hospital in Arequipa

Introducción: Inteligencia emocional y satisfacción laboral constituyen aspectos fundamentales que las enfermeras deben cultivar, permitiéndoles percibir tanto emociones propias, como de de los pacientes y familiares, básicos para establecer relaciones terapéuticas positivas, como desarrollar acciones que refuercen su auto valía y satisfacción con el trabajo realizado. Objetivo: Describir la relación existente entre inteligencia emocional y satisfacción laboral en enfermeras de un Hospital Regional. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, diseño descriptivo correlacional, de corte transversal, en 51 enfermeras del Hospital Regional "Julio Pinto Manrique" de la Policía Nacional del Perú-Arequipa). Mediante encuesta, se aplicó la "Escala Trait Meta Mood Scale TMMS-24" y la "Escala General de Satisfacción Laboral (Overall Job Satisfaction) NTP 394". La información se analizó mediante frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. Para el análisis bivariado se utilizó la prueba Chi cuadrado al cumplirse con el requisito de normalidad, con un nivel de significación estadística de p < 0.05. Resultados: de las enfermeras estudiadas, 64,29 por ciento con satisfacción laboral moderada presentaron inteligencia emocional adecuada; 12,50 por ciento enfermeras insatisfechas en nivel moderado presentaron poca inteligencia emocional; 58,34 por ciento de enfermeras civiles con satisfacción laboral moderada presentaron inteligencia emocional adecuada y 40 por ciento con indiferente satisfacción laboral presentaron poca inteligencia emocional. Conclusiones: En las enfermeras estudiadas (con grado y civiles) se encontró una adecuada inteligencia emocional y moderada satisfacción laboral, con una relación significativa entre estas variables, pudiendo verificarse un adecuado manejo de emociones propias y las de los demás cuando la satisfacción laboral en las enfermeras era mejor(AU)

Introduction: Emotional intelligence and work satisfaction are fundamental aspects that nurses must cultivate, which would allow them to perceive not only their own emotions, but also those of patients and their relatives. This is basic to establish positive therapeutic relationships, as well as to develop actions that reinforce their self-worth and self-satisfaction with work done. Objective: To describe the relationship between emotional intelligence and work satisfaction in nurses from a regional hospital. Methods: Quantitative and cross-sectional study, with a descriptive-correlational design, carried out with 51 nurses from Julio Pinto Manrique Regional Hospital, of the National Police of Peru, in Arequipa. By means of a survey, the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) and the NTP 394 General Job Satisfaction Scale were applied. The information was analyzed using absolute frequencies and percentages. For the bivariate analysis, the chi-square test was used when the normality requirement was met, with a level of statistical significance of P < 0.05. Results: Of the nurses studied, 64.29 percent with moderate work satisfaction presented adequate emotional intelligence; 12.50 percent nurses with moderate dissatisfaction presented low emotional intelligence; 58.34 percent of civilian nurses with moderate work satisfaction presented adequate emotional intelligence; and 40 percent with indifferent work satisfaction presented low emotional intelligence. Conclusions: Among the nurses studied (whether certified or civilian), adequate emotional intelligence and moderate work satisfaction were found, with a significant relationship between these variables, which allowed to verify that they could management their own emotions adequately, as well as the emotions of others, when work satisfaction in the nurses was better(AU)

Diabetes y factores de riesgo en docentes de la Universidad Nacional de Ica, Perú / Diabetes and Risk Factors in Teachers at Ica National University, Peru

RESUMEN Fundamento: la diabetes mellitus está considerada como un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Aproximadamente el 65 % de los pacientes fallece por complicaciones cardiovasculares. Los estilos de vida sedentarios, hábitos alimenticios poco saludables y la obesidad son sus principales factores de riesgo. Objetivo: determinar los niveles de glucosa y factores de riesgo como obesidad y hábitos alimenticios, en un grupo de los docentes de la Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Perú. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal y correlacional en 278 docentes de la Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica de ambos sexos entre 40 y 70 años de edad. A cada uno se les tomaron los datos antropométricos de talla y peso; se les realizó la prueba de glucosa postprandial y se les aplicó un cuestionario de tipos de alimentación predominante. Los datos fueron analizados aplicando el estadístico no paramétrico de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson mediante tablas de contingencia, ajustado al 95 % de nivel de confianza. Los resultados se muestran en tablas y gráficos. Resultado: se observó un 6 % de prevalencia de diabetes mellitus y un 4 % de docentes con intolerancia a la glucosa, así como un 39,2 % con sobrepeso, 19 % en condición de obesidad y alrededor del 63 % que sigue una dieta predominantemente rica en carbohidratos y grasas. Conclusiones: hubo correspondencia con el diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus, la mayoría de los docentes en estudio fueron hombres, predominó el grupo con más de 60 años de edad en condición de obesidad, la mayoría de los docentes sigue una dieta enriquecida en carbohidratos.

ABSTRACT Background: diabetes mellitus is considered a worldwide public health problem. Approximately the 65 % of patients die from cardiovascular complications. Sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy eating habits, and obesity are main risk factors. Objective to determine glucose levels and risk factors such as obesity and eating habits, in a group of teachers from the San Luis Gonzaga National University of Ica, Peru. Method: a cross-sectional and correlational descriptive study was carried out in 278 teachers from the San Luis Gonzaga National University of Ica from both sex between 40 and 70 years of age. Anthropometric data for height and weight were taken from each one; the postprandial glucose test was carried out and a questionnaire of predominant types of diet was applied to them. Data were analyzed by applying Pearson's non-parametric Chi-square statistic using contingency tables, adjusted to the 95 % confidence level. The results are shown in tables and graphs. Result: the 6 % prevalence of diabetes mellitus and the 4 % of teachers with glucose intolerance were observed, as well as the 39.2 % overweight, the 19 % obese and around the 63 % predominantly following a diet rich in carbohydrates and fats. Conclusions there was correspondence with the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, most of the teachers in the study were men, the group with more than 60 years of age in a condition of obesity predominated, most of the teachers follow a diet enriched in carbohydrates.